On the Necessity of Necessity Measures: A Response to Alan O. Sykes

On the necessity of five risk measures

The banking systems that deal with risk management depend on underlying risk measures. Following the recommendation of the Basel II accord, most banks have developed internal models to determine their capital requirement. The Value at Risk measure plays an important role in computing this capital. In this paper we analyze in detail the errors produced by the use of this measure. We then discuss...

Assessing success—a commentary on the necessity of outcomes measures

Measurements for outcomes reporting are not fully formed and utilized in the American addiction industry, though formulated and adopted elsewhere in the world. While studies have established demographic information about those needing and receiving treatment as well as the facilities that offer such treatment, short- and long-term outcomes are scantily reported. This commentary serves as a call...

Hale on some Arguments for the Necessity of Necessity

Hale (1999) presents an argument from McFetridge (1990) for his conclusion, and states (1999, p. 32) that there is an obvious objection. His paper aims to supplement McFetridge’s argument to meet that objection. He concludes that this establishes the necessity of necessity. Below are two independent complaints against Hale. The first is directed against McFetridge’s argument. It is independent ...

Bilharzia: the necessity for control measures on irrigated estates.

Generalized Possibility and Necessity Measures on Fields of Sets

We give a generalization of possibility and necessity measures: their domains are extended towards fields of sets, and their codomains towards arbitrary complete lattices. In this way, these measures can be associated with (Q,≤)-fuzzy sets, where (Q,≤) is at least a poset. An important inconsistency problem, intricately linked with this association, is solved. It is argued that order lies at th...